The Promotive Effect of Putrescine on Growth, Biochemical Constituents, and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants under Water Stress

Drought stress is a significant environmental variable affecting wheat growth and development. Plant tolerance intimately related to regulators of plants as polyamines. The study assessed the impact drought (50% water irrigation 100% irrigation), priming grains in putrescine (0.25, 0.5, 1 mM), their interactions on growth, yield, physiological attributes plants. conditions declined plant height, fresh dry weights, leaves tillers numbers, flag leaf area. However, applying putrescine, especially at (1 enhanced performance normal or water-deficit conditions. decreased spike length (28.6%), number spikelets (15.6%), (30.3%), weight (23.5%), grains/spike (37.5%). In addition, contents chlorophyll a, b, free amino acids, total phenols, while Putrescine mM) achieved highest increase height (38.8%), root (50%), (166%), (80%), area (70.3%), shoot (99.4%), (98.4%), (97.8%), (210%) compared untreated Moreover, pretreatment with improved (13.3%), b carotenoids (61.8%), soluble sugars (49.1%), acids (42.7%), phenols (52.4%), (59.3%), (81.1%), (45.4%). variations protein profile were due application. conclusion, effectively induces protective mechanisms against improves plants’ yield components.